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examples/energy_carrier_comparison/GBOML/GENERAL.txt 0 → 100644
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#TIMEHORIZON
T=43800; // hours
#GLOBAL
wacc = 0.07;
number_years_horizon = T/8760;
#NODE SOLAR_PV_PLANTS
// Berger et al. 2019 have been used for the node
#PARAMETERS
full_capex = 380.0; // M€/GW
lifetime = 25.0; // year
annualised_capex = full_capex * global.wacc * (1 + global.wacc)**lifetime / ((1 + global.wacc)**lifetime - 1); // M€
fom = 7.25; // M€/year
vom = 0.0;
capacity_factor_PV = import "Data/pv_capacity_factors.csv"; // Dimensionless
max_capacity = 500.0; // GW
#VARIABLES
internal: capacity; //GW
external: electricity[T]; //GWh
#CONSTRAINTS
electricity[t] <= capacity_factor_PV[t] * capacity;
capacity <= max_capacity;
capacity >= 0;
electricity[t] >= 0;
#OBJECTIVES
min: global.number_years_horizon * (annualised_capex + fom) * capacity;
min: vom * electricity[t];
#NODE WIND_PLANTS
// Berger et al. 2019 have been used for the node
#PARAMETERS
full_capex = 1040.0; // M€/GW
lifetime = 30.0; // year
annualised_capex = full_capex * global.wacc * (1 + global.wacc)**lifetime / ((1 + global.wacc)**lifetime - 1); // MEur
fom = 12.6; // MEur/year
vom = 0.00135; // MEur/GWh
capacity_factor_wind = import "Data/wind_capacity_factors.csv"; // Dimensionless
max_capacity = 500.0; // GW
#VARIABLES
internal: capacity; // GW
external: electricity[T]; // GWh
#CONSTRAINTS
electricity[t] <= capacity_factor_wind[t] * capacity;
capacity <= max_capacity;
capacity >= 0;
electricity[t] >= 0;
#OBJECTIVES
min: global.number_years_horizon * (annualised_capex + fom) * capacity;
min: vom * electricity[t];
#NODE BATTERY_STORAGE
// Berger et al. 2019 have been used for the node
#PARAMETERS
full_capex_stock = 142.0; // M€/GWh
full_capex_flow = 160.0; // M€/GW
lifetime_stock = 10.0; // year
lifetime_flow = 10.0; // year
annualised_capex_stock = full_capex_stock * global.wacc * (1 + global.wacc)**lifetime_stock / ((1 + global.wacc)**lifetime_stock - 1); // M€
annualised_capex_flow = full_capex_flow * global.wacc * (1 + global.wacc)**lifetime_flow / ((1 + global.wacc)**lifetime_flow - 1); // M€
fom_stock = 0.0; // M€/GWh-year
fom_flow = 0.5; // M€/GW-year
vom_stock = 0.0018; // M€/GWh
vom_flow = 0.0; // M€/GWh
charge_discharge_ratio = 1.0;
self_discharge = 0.00004;
efficiency_in = 0.959;
efficiency_out = 0.959;
#VARIABLES
internal: capacity_flow; //GW
internal: capacity_stock; //GWh
internal: electricity_stored[T]; //GWh
external: electricity_in[T]; //GWh
external: electricity_out[T]; //GWh
#CONSTRAINTS
electricity_in[t] <= capacity_flow;
electricity_out[t] <= charge_discharge_ratio * capacity_flow;
electricity_stored[t] <= capacity_stock;
electricity_stored[0] == electricity_stored[T-1];
electricity_stored[t+1] == (1 - self_discharge) * electricity_stored[t] + efficiency_in * electricity_in[t] - electricity_out[t] / efficiency_out;
capacity_flow >= 0;
capacity_stock >= 0;
electricity_stored[t] >= 0;
electricity_in[t] >= 0;
electricity_out[t] >= 0;
#OBJECTIVES
min: global.number_years_horizon * (annualised_capex_stock + fom_stock) * capacity_stock + global.number_years_horizon * (annualised_capex_flow + fom_flow) * capacity_flow;
min: vom_stock * electricity_stored[t] + vom_flow * electricity_in[t];
#NODE HVDC
// Berger et al. 2019 have been used for the node
#PARAMETERS
full_capex_lines = 0.25*1000; // M€/GW
full_capex_stations = 2*115.0; // M€/GW
lifetime_lines = 40.0; // year
lifetime_stations = 40.0; // year
annualised_capex_lines = full_capex_lines * global.wacc * (1 + global.wacc)**lifetime_lines / ((1 + global.wacc)**lifetime_lines - 1); // M€
annualised_capex_stations = full_capex_stations * global.wacc * (1 + global.wacc)**lifetime_stations / ((1 + global.wacc)**lifetime_stations - 1); // M€
annualised_capex = annualised_capex_lines + annualised_capex_stations; // M€/GW-year (Lines + Stations)
fom = 2.5 + 4.6; // M€/year
vom = 0.0; // M€/GWh
efficiency_HVDC = 0.9499;
#VARIABLES
internal: capacity; //GW
external: electricity_in[T]; //GWh
external: electricity_out[T]; //GWh
#CONSTRAINTS
electricity_in[t] <= capacity;
electricity_out[t] == efficiency_HVDC * electricity_in[t];
capacity >= 0;
electricity_in[t] >= 0;
electricity_out[t] >= 0;
#OBJECTIVES
min: global.number_years_horizon * (annualised_capex + fom) * capacity;
min: vom * electricity_in[t];
#NODE ELECTROLYSIS_PLANTS
// Berger et al. 2019 have been used for the node
#PARAMETERS
full_capex = 600.0; // M€/GW(e)
lifetime = 15.0; // year
annualised_capex = full_capex * global.wacc * (1 + global.wacc)**lifetime / ((1 + global.wacc)**lifetime - 1); // M€
fom = 30.0; // M€/GW(e)-year
vom = 0.0; // M€/GWh(e)
conversion_factor_electricity = 50.6;
conversion_factor_water = 9.0;
minimum_level = 0.05;
#VARIABLES
internal: capacity; // GW - reference flow for sizing is electricity
external: electricity[T]; // GWh/h
external: water[T]; // kt/h
external: hydrogen[T]; // kt/h
#CONSTRAINTS
electricity[t] <= capacity;
minimum_level * capacity <= electricity[t];
electricity[t] == conversion_factor_electricity * hydrogen[t];
water[t] == conversion_factor_water * hydrogen[t];
capacity >= 0;
electricity[t] >= 0;
hydrogen[t] >= 0;
water[t] >= 0;
#OBJECTIVES
min: global.number_years_horizon * (annualised_capex + fom) * capacity;
min: vom * electricity[t];
#NODE DESALINATION_PLANTS
// Berger et al. 2019 have been used for the node
#PARAMETERS
full_capex = 28.08; // M€/(kt/h) - freshwater is the reference flow for sizing
lifetime = 20.0; // year
annualised_capex = full_capex * global.wacc * (1 + global.wacc)**lifetime / ((1 + global.wacc)**lifetime - 1); // M€
fom = 0.0; // M€/year
vom = 0.000315; // M€/kt
conversion_factor_electricity = 0.004;
minimum_level = 1.0;
ramp_rate_up = 0.0;
ramp_rate_down = 0.0;
#VARIABLES
internal: capacity; // kt/h
external: electricity[T]; // GWh
external: water[T]; // kt
#CONSTRAINTS
water[t] <= capacity;
minimum_level * capacity <= water[t];
electricity[t] == conversion_factor_electricity * water[t];
water[t] <= water[t-1] + ramp_rate_up * capacity;
water[t-1] <= water[t] + ramp_rate_down * capacity;
capacity >= 0;
electricity[t] >= 0;
water[t] >= 0;
#OBJECTIVES
min: global.number_years_horizon * (annualised_capex + fom) * capacity;
min: vom * water[t];
#NODE HYDROGEN_STORAGE
// Berger et al. 2019 have been used for the node
#PARAMETERS
full_capex_stock = 45.0; // M€/kt
full_capex_flow = 0.0; // M€/(kt/h)
lifetime_stock = 30.0; // year
lifetime_flow = 30.0; // year
annualised_capex_stock = full_capex_stock * global.wacc * (1 + global.wacc)**lifetime_stock / ((1 + global.wacc)**lifetime_stock - 1); // M€
annualised_capex_flow = full_capex_flow * global.wacc * (1 + global.wacc)**lifetime_flow / ((1 + global.wacc)**lifetime_flow - 1); // M€
fom_stock = 2.25; // M€/kt-yr
fom_flow = 0.0;
vom_stock = 0.0; // M€/kt
vom_flow = 0.0;
conversion_factor_electricity = 1.3;
minimum_level = 0.05;
#VARIABLES
internal: capacity_flow; // kt/h
internal: capacity_stock; // kt
internal: hydrogen_stored[T]; // kt
external: electricity[T]; // GWh
external: hydrogen_in[T]; // kt/h
external: hydrogen_out[T]; // kt/h
#CONSTRAINTS
hydrogen_in[t] <= capacity_flow;
hydrogen_out[t] <= capacity_flow;
minimum_level * capacity_stock <= hydrogen_stored[t];
hydrogen_stored[t] <= capacity_stock;
hydrogen_stored[0] == hydrogen_stored[T-1];
hydrogen_stored[t+1] == hydrogen_stored[t] + hydrogen_in[t] - hydrogen_out[t];
electricity[t] == conversion_factor_electricity * hydrogen_in[t];
capacity_flow >= 0;
capacity_stock >= 0;
hydrogen_stored[t] >= 0;
hydrogen_in[t] >= 0;
hydrogen_out[t] >= 0;
electricity[t] >= 0;
#OBJECTIVES
min: global.number_years_horizon * (annualised_capex_stock + fom_stock) * capacity_stock + global.number_years_horizon * (annualised_capex_flow + fom_flow) * capacity_flow;
min: vom_stock * hydrogen_stored[t] + vom_flow * hydrogen_in[t];
#NODE WATER_STORAGE
// Berger et al. 2019 have been used for the node
#PARAMETERS
full_capex_stock = 0.065; // M€/kt
full_capex_flow = 1.55923; // M€/(kt/h)
lifetime_stock = 30.0; // year
lifetime_flow = 30.0; // year
annualised_capex_stock = full_capex_stock * global.wacc * (1 + global.wacc)**lifetime_stock / ((1 + global.wacc)**lifetime_stock - 1); // M€
annualised_capex_flow = full_capex_flow * global.wacc * (1 + global.wacc)**lifetime_flow / ((1 + global.wacc)**lifetime_flow - 1); // M€
fom_stock = 0.0013; // M€/kt-yr
fom_flow = 0.0312; // M€/(kt/h)-yr
vom_stock = 0.0; // M€/kt
vom_flow = 0.0; // M€/kt
conversion_factor_electricity = 0.00036;
#VARIABLES
internal: capacity_flow; // kt/h
internal: capacity_stock; // kt
internal: water_stored[T]; // kt
external: electricity[T]; // GWh
external: water_in[T]; // kt
external: water_out[T]; // kt
#CONSTRAINTS
water_in[t] <= capacity_flow;
water_out[t] <= capacity_flow;
water_stored[t] <= capacity_stock;
water_stored[0] == water_stored[T-1];
water_stored[t+1] == water_stored[t] + water_in[t] - water_out[t];
electricity[t] == conversion_factor_electricity * water_in[t];
capacity_flow >= 0;
capacity_stock >= 0;
water_stored[t] >= 0;
water_in[t] >= 0;
water_out[t] >= 0;
electricity[t] >= 0;
#OBJECTIVES
min: global.number_years_horizon * (annualised_capex_stock + fom_stock) * capacity_stock + global.number_years_horizon * (annualised_capex_flow + fom_flow) * capacity_flow;
min: vom_stock * water_stored[t] + vom_flow * water_in[t];
#NODE DIRECT_AIR_CAPTURE_PLANTS
// Data from Keith.D et al, 2018
#PARAMETERS
full_capex = 4801.4; // M€/(kt/h)
lifetime = 30.0; // year
annualised_capex = full_capex * global.wacc * (1 + global.wacc)**lifetime / ((1 + global.wacc)**lifetime - 1); // MEur
fom = 0.0; // MEur/year
vom = 0.0207; // MEur/kt
conversion_factor_electricity = 0.1091;
conversion_factor_water = 5.0;
conversion_factor_hydrogen = 1.46 / 33.3; // heat consumption / LHV of hydrogen
minimum_level = 1.0;
ramp_rate_up = 0.0;
ramp_rate_down = 0.0;
#VARIABLES
internal: capacity; // kt/h - carbon dioxide is the reference flow for sizing
external: electricity[T]; // GWh
external: hydrogen[T]; // kt/h
external: water[T]; // kt/h
external: carbon_dioxide[T]; // kt/h
#CONSTRAINTS
carbon_dioxide[t] <= capacity;
minimum_level * capacity <= carbon_dioxide[t];
electricity[t] == conversion_factor_electricity * carbon_dioxide[t];
water[t] == conversion_factor_water * carbon_dioxide[t];
hydrogen[t] == conversion_factor_hydrogen * carbon_dioxide[t];
carbon_dioxide[t] <= carbon_dioxide[t-1] + ramp_rate_up * capacity;
carbon_dioxide[t-1] <= carbon_dioxide[t] + ramp_rate_down * capacity;
capacity >= 0;
electricity[t] >= 0;
water[t] >= 0;
hydrogen[t] >= 0;
carbon_dioxide[t] >= 0;
#OBJECTIVES
min: global.number_years_horizon * (annualised_capex + fom) * capacity;
min: vom * carbon_dioxide[t];
#NODE CARBON_DIOXIDE_STORAGE
// Data from Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, 2004
#PARAMETERS
full_capex_stock = 1.35; // M€/kt
full_capex_flow = 32.4+16.2; // M€/(kt/h)
lifetime_stock = 30.0; // year
lifetime_flow = 30.0; // year
annualised_capex_stock = full_capex_stock * global.wacc * (1 + global.wacc)**lifetime_stock / ((1 + global.wacc)**lifetime_stock - 1); // MEur
annualised_capex_flow = full_capex_flow * global.wacc * (1 + global.wacc)**lifetime_flow / ((1 + global.wacc)**lifetime_flow - 1); // MEur
fom_stock = 0.0675; // M€/kt-yr
fom_flow = 1.62 + 0.81; // MEur/(kt/h)-year (carbon dioxide liquefaction + regasification)
vom_stock = 0.0; // M€/kt
vom_flow = 0.0; // M€/kt
conversion_factor_electricity = 0.105;
#VARIABLES
internal: capacity_flow; // kt/h
internal: capacity_stock; // kt
internal: carbon_dioxide_stored[T]; //kt
external: electricity[T]; // GWh
external: carbon_dioxide_in[T]; // kt/h
external: carbon_dioxide_out[T]; // kt/h
#CONSTRAINTS
carbon_dioxide_in[t] <= capacity_flow;
carbon_dioxide_out[t] <= capacity_flow;
carbon_dioxide_stored[t] <= capacity_stock;
carbon_dioxide_stored[0] == carbon_dioxide_stored[T-1];
carbon_dioxide_stored[t+1] == carbon_dioxide_stored[t] + carbon_dioxide_in[t] - carbon_dioxide_out[t];
electricity[t] == conversion_factor_electricity * carbon_dioxide_in[t];
capacity_flow >= 0;
capacity_stock >= 0;
carbon_dioxide_stored[t] >= 0;
carbon_dioxide_in[t] >= 0;
carbon_dioxide_out[t] >= 0;
electricity[t] >= 0;
#OBJECTIVES
min: global.number_years_horizon * (annualised_capex_stock + fom_stock) * capacity_stock + global.number_years_horizon * (annualised_capex_flow + fom_flow) * capacity_flow;
min: vom_stock * carbon_dioxide_stored[t] + vom_flow * carbon_dioxide_in[t];
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